Updating Mastodon and creating backups are important steps to ensure the security and stability of your instance. Here’s a comprehensive tutorial on how to update Mastodon, including making backups of the database and assets:
Note: Always perform updates on a test/staging instance before applying them to your live instance. This tutorial assumes you have some basic knowledge of the command line and server administration.
Click here for the backup steps. It basically comes down to a Database dump, a settings file backup and a Redis dump. If you wish to backup your assets like images and stuff (User-uploaded files), backup the folder named “public/system”. Keep in mind that this folder can be rather large. Actually, it can become rather massive.
You can always check the folder size by using NCDU, for which you can find the manual here. Also, installations may vary, but this is an example of my instance.
Upgrade procedure.
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su - mastodon
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cd /home/mastodon/live
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git fetch --tags
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git checkout [type the most recent version here, starting with the letter v. For example; v4.0.1 Command example: git checkout v4.0.1
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bundle install
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yarn install
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RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails db:migrate
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RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails assets:precompile
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reboot now
And that should be it!
If you don’t want to restart your server, use the following commands instead of “reboot now”:
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exit
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systemctl restart mastodon-sidekiq
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systemctl reload mastodon-web
The reload operation is a zero-downtime restart, also called a “phased restart”. As such, Mastodon upgrades usually do not require any advance notice to users about planned downtime. In rare cases, you can use the restart operation instead, but there will be a (short) felt interruption of service for your users.
- The streaming API server is also updated and requires a restart; doing so will result in all connected clients being disconnected, which can increase the load on your server:
systemctl restart mastodon-streaming
Done!
